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The Old Farmer’s Almanac
M i s c e l l a n y
APOTHECARIES’
1 scruple = 20 grains
1 dram = 3 scruples
1 ounce = 8 drams
1 pound = 12 ounces
AVOIRDUPOIS
1 ounce = 16 drams
1 pound = 16 ounces
1 hundredweight = 100 pounds
1 ton = 2,000 pounds
1 long ton = 2,240 pounds
LIQUID
4 gills = 1 pint
63 gallons = 1 hogshead
2 hogsheads = 1 pipe or butt
2 pipes = 1 tun
DRY
2 pints = 1 quart
4 quarts = 1 gallon
2 gallons = 1 peck
4 pecks = 1 bushel
LINEAR
1 hand = 4 inches
1 link = 7.92 inches
1 span = 9 inches
1 foot = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet
1 rod = 5
1
⁄2 yards
1 mile = 320 rods = 1,760 yards =
5,280 feet
1 Int. nautical mile =
6,076.1155 feet
1 knot = 1 nautical mile per
hour
1 fathom = 2 yards = 6 feet
1 furlong =
1
⁄8 mile = 660 feet =
220 yards
1 league = 3 miles = 24 furlongs
1 chain = 100 links = 22 yards
SQUARE
1 square foot = 144 square
inches
1 square yard = 9 square feet
1 square rod = 30
1
⁄4 square
yards = 272
1
⁄4 square feet
1 acre = 160 square rods =
43,560 square feet
1 square mile = 640 acres =
102,400 square rods
1 square rod = 625 square links
1 square chain = 16 square rods
1 acre = 10 square chains
CUBIC
1 cubic foot = 1,728 cubic
inches
1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet
1 cord = 128 cubic feet
1 U.S. liquid gallon = 4 quarts =
231 cubic inches
1 imperial gallon = 1.20 U.S.
gallons = 0.16 cubic foot
1 board foot = 144 cubic inches
KITCHEN
3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon
16 tablespoons = 1 cup
1 cup = 8 ounces
2 cups = 1 pint
2 pints = 1 quart
4 quarts = 1 gallon
TO CONVERT CELSIUS AND
FAHRENHEIT :
°C = (°F – 32)/ 1.8
°F = (°C × 1.8) + 32
Table of Measures
LINEAR
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
1 centimeter = 0.39 inch
1 meter = 39.37 inches
1 yard = 0.914 meter
1 mile = 1.61 kilometers
1 kilometer = 0.62 mile
SQUARE
1 square inch = 6.45 square
centimeters
1 square yard = 0.84 square
meter
1 square mile = 2.59 square
kilometers
1 square kilometer = 0.386
square mile
1 acre = 0.40 hectare
1 hectare = 2.47 acres
CUBIC
1 cubic yard = 0.76 cubic meter
1 cubic meter = 1.31 cubic yards
HOUSEHOLD
1
⁄2 teaspoon = 2 mL
1 teaspoon = 5 mL
1 tablespoon = 15 mL
1
⁄4 cup = 60 mL
1
⁄3 cup = 75 mL
1
⁄2 cup = 125 mL
2
⁄3 cup = 150 mL
3
⁄4 cup = 175 mL
1 cup = 250 mL
1 liter = 1.057 U.S. liquid quarts
1 U.S. liquid quart = 0.946 liter
1 U.S. liquid gallon = 3.78 liters
1 gram = 0.035 ounce
1 ounce = 28.349 grams
1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
1 pound = 0.45 kilogram
Metric Conversions